This presentation illustrates why “Physics” can greatly assist occupant comfort and higher overall building performance. HVAC’s history includes elements of good and bad examples of utilizing “physics” to assist the principles of comfort. This knowledge coupled with understanding ASHRAE’s functions, and building elements that drive EUI and Carbon Emissions can assist the built environment community to embrace Standard 189.1 (or IGCC). Learning outcomes for this presentation are listed below and are intended for a mixed audience (members of ASHRAE, AIA, USGBC, BOMA, Commissioning Agents, Contractors, Building Owners, Building Officials, and Government Officials).

Learning Outcomes:
• Understanding Commercial Buildings and HVAC’s past.
• ASHRAE Standards 55 & 62.1 minimum requirements verses “Best Practices” (primary functions of ASHRAE).
• Why building mass, materials and orientation are important (basic first steps to reduce building EUI and Carbon Footprint).
• Why and how DOAS should be used.
• Why water is much better for energy transfer versus air.
• Why HVAC System choice can help or hurt the assistance of Physics.
• Why using the earth/ground as a Heat Sink/Heat Source is much better than the atmosphere.
• Lower EUI and Carbon Emission Footprint means embracing Standard 189.1 & IGCC.

This presentation will include the following elements; (a) a review of the Psychrometric processes, (b) defining state points of saturated air and how this creates the basis of the Psychrometric Chart, (c) the application of mixed air streams, (d) defining sensible heat ratio and applying this to the Psychrometric Chart, and (e) illustrating real world examples of HVAC systems to the Psychrometric Chart. The examples illustrated will include a common heating and ventilation unit with humidification, a 100% outside air unit used in process cooling applications where supply air temperature and absolute humidity are critical, a common VAV air handling unit with mixed return/outside air which must supply cooled air to satisfy a specific space Sensible Heat Ratio, and a more complex Dual Duct system where final supply air out of a diffuser can be calculated/illustrated through psychrometric processes (this example illustrates problem solving and integrates heat transfer equations of fluids).

Learning Outcomes
• Understanding the fundamentals of the Psychrometric Chart
• Applying the Psychrometric Chart to Sensible and Latent Energy Change
• Using real world air handling systems, illustrate how Psychrometric Processes can be applied

This ASHRAE standard was developed in coordination with USBGC and IES for the purpose of creating a code ready standard that addresses the overall building performance needs in establishing a minimum level of acceptance as to what is a “GREEN” building. ASHRAE Standard 189.1 incorporates ASHRAE Standards 62.1, 55, and 90.1 (all current versions) and the platform of LEED to develop code language explanations for all areas of a Green Building and what the building owner can expect for building performance. The presentation will address the following in reference to ASHRAE 189.1; (a) Why have it?, (b) Relationship to Other ASHRAE Standards, and (c) What is in the Standard. The content of the details of the standard will be covered in a general context (due to time) as it will outline the areas of the standard, show Mandatory elements within each area of the standard, and then illustrate the two paths of compliance (prescriptive and performance) for each area of the standard.

Learning Outcomes
• How and why was ASHRAE Standard 189.1 developed and is continued to exist
• What does ASHRAE Standard 189.1 include
• Understanding the difference between Standard 189.1 and LEED
• Why should building owners use Standard 189.1 for their building goals
• Why Standard 189.1 can assist sustainable building operation

Energy Efficiency related to commercial buildings is being analyzed by the DOE in a way to establish benchmarking for different building types within different climate zones. This has led to average building energy footprint figures for most commercial buildings, yet the industry is now aware of how this new benchmarking will affect buildings and their lifecycle. This presentation explains the complicated process of overall building energy efficiency, how this relates to DOE standards, and how this is related to other elements including potential Carbon Indexing. Closely tied to this discussion will be a brief connection to ASHRAE Standard 189.1 due to the characteristics of this standard and its impact on EUI.

Learning Outcomes

• Illustration of what EUI means and why it has become a worldwide concern
• What are the accepted benchmarks for EUI
• How do the Energy Codes connect to EUI
• What is the connection between EUI and Emissions
• What should be the basis of design be for “low EUI”

This presentation will provide a basic understanding of the global carbon cycle with a focus on how humans have affected the historical trends of the carbon cycle including the built environment. Knowledge of global warming and cooling dates back millions of years, but human involvement is limited to about 10,000 years. Thus, lessons can be learned from this global history when connected to the human historical impacts of carbon usage and creation via human actions. Learning outcomes for this presentation are listed below and are intended for a mixed audience (members of ASHRAE, AIA, USGBC, BOMA, Commissioning Agents, Contractors, Building Owners, Building Officials, and Government Officials).

Learning Outcomes
• Global cycles of natural warming and cooling – what happened and what was the connection to present day average global temperature trends.
• What is different today verses past known history of global average temperature change?
• How are carbon emissions and other GWP elements really impacting the global changes to our environment?
• How is the Built Environment connected to the historical trends in GWP emissions?
• What are the tipping points of GWP, and why are they vitally important to understand?
• Why Zero Carbon Emission based Building Operation is critical to humans, if we wish to achieve any reduction of Global Warming in the near and long-term future.

Many in our Industry struggle with how to communicate effectively with technical information, keeping on target, providing the reader with a proper roadmap of information, delivering all necessary information in a logical & clear format, and doing so such that anyone within our industry can understand the objective
and the solution to a given situation or problem. This session illustrates a thought process along with a structure such that anyone can present a technical problem/situation and provide a clear and logical solution in written communication for others.

Learning Outcomes
• Communication is a process of understanding thoughts and evaluating the audience
• Audience evaluation is critical to the level of communication
• Establish a foundation of communication
• Persuade the audience
• Complete the message
• Provide a “take away/reflection of understanding”

Water based systems have a long history of use in HVAC and provide many benefits; however, most of these systems are still being used as they were over 60 years ago. Water has a high affinity for energy, and we should be using it in a much wiser fashion. This presentation will illustrate how to use water-based systems to transfer energy more efficiently, save operational expenses, help control systems operate with greater ease, and open other benefits to the overall building design and operation.

Learning Outcomes
• Introduction
• Review the properties of water and energy transfer
• Review of control valve operation
• Review hydronic pump operation
• Illustrate the differences of low delta systems verse higher delta systems
• Illustrate other benefits due to changes in supply and return water temperatures

This session illustrates how using ASHRAE Standard 189.1 can provide the foundation of Sustainable Building Operation for Higher Performance of building owner expectations through a roadmap of mandatory maintenance procedures and documentation. Learning outcomes for this presentation are listed below and are intended for a mixed audience (members of ASHRAE, AIA, USGBC, BOMA, Commissioning Agents, Contractors, Building Owners, Building Officials, and Government Officials).

Learning Outcomes
• To illustrate the mandatory requirements within section 10 of ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2020 related to building operation and maintenance
• To illustrate why proper building testing and commissioning creates the foundation for sustainable building operation
• To build a roadmap of success for the building owner
• To illustrate why the Building Operational Plan (BOP) is critical to owner expectations of sustainable building operation.

This presentation illustrates the details of advanced High-Performance HVAC Design and is intended as the next phase of learning beyond the current “Applied Psychrometric” DL presentation by Doug Zentz. Within this presentation the following will be illustrated:

Learning Outcomes
• What are the Psychrometric needs related to DOAS systems for de-coupling the Latent Load of the building, and how is this accomplished efficiently?
• Many times, DOAS air supply must be very dry and yet closer to space set-point as to not upset occupants, how is this done effectively and efficiently with Psychrometric processes?
• When space loads are purposely stratified to the return air path, what happens differently to the Psychrometric processes of the space and the HVAC equipment?
• HVAC System Loads are real, so how can we utilize them to our advantage via Psychrometric Processes?
• What are some tips for success when sizing & selecting air handling units, so they perform as intended for detailed Psychrometric Processes?